The article discusses some grammatical features of the IAEA safety requirements and guides in the English language and in their Russian translations. Considering that these documents make a foundation of the global nuclear safety system, and grammar is the backbone of the language and an essential constituent of the communication content, the paper is focused on the analysis of the ways of translating specific grammatical structures, which determines current importance of this study. The aim of the work is to compare typical grammatical constructions used in the texts of the Russian translations of the IAEA publications under consideration with the grammatical features of similar Rostechnadzor’s regulatory documentation. The main tasks of the authors are to compare the ways of translating English modal and passive constructions, English verbals and verbal structures into Russian and to verify the translator’s choice of a certain grammatical structure in the translations of the regulations and guidelines under consideration. Taking research tasks predetermined the choice of the following research methods: comparative analysis; linguistic and statistical analysis; contextual analysis; inductive and deductive analysis. To obtain linguistic and statistical analysis data, the authors applied such software tools as SDL Trados, Adobe Acrobat, Excel and MS Word. In order to ensure the correctness of the results, only the substantive part of the documents under consideration was analyzed.

The analysis has brought to the following results: the need to comply with the regulatory requirements narrows the choice of Russian modal constructions in the translation of "should" statements used in IAEA documents. The issue of changing the regulatory requirement that prescribes to use the Russian verb "следует" has to be treated very carefully, considering the established practice of both translating the IAEA safety guides and their understanding by the target users; the translation of English passive constructions and verbals used in the IAEA safety guides gives clear preference to the use of Russian indefinite-personal structures with verbs in the active voice in the 3rd person plural; the grammatical structures used in the translation of the IAEA publications in question generally correspond to the grammatical structures used in the Rostechnadzor regulatory documents, which is predetermined by the information nature and ensures a fairly high similarity of their style.

Medicine is one of the most dynamically developing fields, requiring from translators not only specialised skills, but also basic knowledge of medicine. The present study is devoted to the study of specific features of medical texts and ways of their translation from English into Russian. The aim of the study is to identify the most overlooked problems that may be encountered when translating medical texts and to provide solutions to them. The subject of the study was the peculiarities encountered during the translation from English into Russian of the original practical manual on electrocardiography. The methodological basis of this study was formed by the solid sampling method, descriptive method and method of linguocultural analysis of linguistic material. As a result of the study, a number of features is identified that require increased attention when working with medical texts: borrowing words from Latin and Greek, the use of complex abbreviations and acronyms, the transition to gender-neutral pronouns, the translation of mnemonics, differences in classifications and health care systems. The ways of their translation are also analysed, and appropriate equivalents are selected. The methods of their translation are also analyzed and the appropriate equivalents are selected. General recommendations for overcoming the highlighted translation difficulties are given. Knowledge of morphemes of Greek and Latin origin, the ability to adapt the translation to the realities of another country, continuous professional development will help to overcome difficulties in translation. The skills of working with dictionaries and handbooks play an important role in the translation of a professionally-oriented vocabulary layer and the choice of expressions suitable for the meaning. In conclusion, the competencies that a translator in the medical field should possess in order to perform a high-quality adequate translation of medical texts are given.

The article deals with the problem of negative politeness and corresponding politeness strategies in German languaculture on the basis of modern fiction and also elaborates on the analysis of linguistic means of implementation of a negative politeness strategy known as hedging.

Purpose of research: study of communicative situations in which a threat to the negative face of one of the speakers is present, and a review of politeness strategies that are used in such cases. The negative face means the desire of an interlocutor not to be bothered by others during communication (as an example, a request, an order or advice can damage the negative face of the addressee). Special attention is given to hedging as one of the most commonly used negative politeness strategy.

Methods: the practical part of the research is based on a linguacultural analysis of the material.

Results: using the analyzed materials we discover language (including grammatical, lexical and phonetical ones) tools and mechanisms that are used to perform such strategies in a speech act and also reasons to use hedges in communication and their functions in it.

Conclusion: based on the theoretical, practical materials and the results that have been found in the course of the research we can state the importance of mastering (among all the linguacultural features being one of the key components of acquiring any foreign language on a par with grammar, vocabulary, phonetics etc.) the complex and frequently used for a lot of different communicative purposes phenomena known as hedging – one of the negative politeness strategies, that has quite a unique ways of usage depending on languaculture in question, and thus requiring a more deep and thorough studying in each particular case. The relevance of research of that particular element in the system of negative politeness strategies is due to the fact that while acquiring languages of western Europe (German, English and others – that means languages of cultures of an individualistic type) – an incorrect knowledge of hedging mechanisms can be the cause of problems and failures in communication, because in such cultures that element of communicative politeness has quite an important role (more important that in cultures of collectivist type – i.e. the Russian one and others).

This research paper is devoted to the study of the structural components of political news texts with the Hourglass Style structure aimed at children aged 8 to 12 years old. The data of this research included political news texts selected by directional sampling from the French-language magazine "1jour1actu". The findings show that news texts with the Hourglass Style structure have the following components: "Title"; "Lead"; "Lead"; "Nut graf"; "Key paragraph"; "Subtitles"; "Body"; "Background"; "The Turn"; "Beginning" / "Middle"; "End". These components fulfill one of the functions - to attract or hold the reader's attention, to inform, to influence, which are interlaced with each other. Using this method, the journalist tries to keep the young reader's attention throughout the news text, which contains a lot of additional information, so that he or she can better understand the sociopolitical issue addressed in the article. Also for this age group, the journalist can add to the news text with the "Hourglass Style" structure a video that contains animated illustrations and captions together with audio that either repeats the printed version of the news text, or is one of its structural components, or provides additional information in chronological order according to the "Pyramid" structure. The identified observations indicate that news texts with the Hourglass Style structure are informative. These texts are informative and expand children's knowledge.

This research work deals with the lexical and grammatical features of the English language variant widely used in Africa. The importance of the use of British English is also taken into account, as well as its transformational processes due to the interaction and mutual influence of local dialects on its structure. Examples of neologisms and modified lexical units are given, based on the influence of local culture and the lack of an equivalent in the recipient language. The article pays attention to the grammatical aspects of language in the functioning of phrasal, modal and prepositional verbs, and also reveals the peculiarities of articles and pronouns use due to the influence of autochthonous languages. The aim of the research work is to identify the specifics of the linguistic and cultural adaptation of the English language in Africa and systematize the lexical and grammatical aspects of the English language as the territorial variant type. The choice of working methods is determined by the goals and objectives of the study. In the research work the method of metalinguistic analysis, methods of contextual and definitional analysis, methods of systematization and classification of linguistic material are used. As a result of the work the high productivity of the realities functioning in autochthonous languages in the lexical structure of the English variant in African countries and the lexical borrowings of terms from autochthonous languages are revealed. This trend is also emphasized in the borrowing of entire lexical phrases from the thesaurus of native languages. With regard to the grammatical part, a significant deviation from British English is emphasized. The research work results in such grammatical changes as: the use of auxiliary verbs together with semantic ones; the functioning of a simplified form of modern forms of the verb; the productive use of uncountable nouns in speech in the form of a countable nouns; significant deviations from British English in the process of using articles, personal and possessive pronouns.

The article presents the results of a study dedicated to the novel by the Spanish writer P. de la Escosura "The Patriarch of the Valley", first published in 1846. The novel is analyzed in the context of the Spanish political discourse of the 1830s-1840s. In the course of the study, the 2009 edition of “The Patriarch of the Valley” was used. The historical approach to the study of political discourse was used in the work. The characters in the novel were divided into 4 groups depending on their political views: (1) right-wing Carlists (conservatives); (2) moderate Carlists; (3) moderate liberals; (4) radical liberals. A comparative analysis of the images of characters belonging to different groups has been carried out. The tendencies of displaying real historical figures in the novel are considered. An analysis of the intertext of "The Patriarch of the Valley" is made. P. de la Escosura included in his novel references to the literary works of contemporary Spanish writers who were on the same ideological positions as the author of "The Patriarch of the Valley". It is concluded that "The Patriarch of the Valley" was not an ordinary serial, but was used by the author as a tool of political propaganda.

This article is devoted to the description of the experience of creating a student media on the model of collective blog, the editorial staff of which is made up of students of South-West State University studying in the direction of training "Journalism". The relevance of the work is determined by the need to generalise and analyse the experience of practical activities to form and develop professional competencies of future journalists.

The aim of the study is to analyse the experience of creating student media as a means of forming professional competences.

The tasks of the study include the study and analysis of theoretical works on the topic of the research, systematised description of the concepts of "competence" and "competence", generalisation and analysis of professional competences declared as the result of training in the direction of training 42.03.02 "Journalism", as well as the study of their formation and development in the course of work in the student media.

The research methodology consists of general scientific methods of collecting and processing information (analytical and synthetic processing), classification and systematisation methods.

The analysis of the three-year period of work of the Internet project "PALACE_MEDIA" shows that such a form of application of knowledge, skills and abilities obtained in the process of educational activities, predicts the development of student media.

Relevance. New requirements for the training of students in higher educational institutions are that acquiring only specialized professional knowledge is no longer sufficient for a future competitive specialist. It is necessary to develop such individual abilities that significantly reveal his individuality and creative potential.

Goal of the work. To determine pedagogical conditions that contribute to the development of the creative potential of future specialists as a factor in the formation of their competitiveness.

Objectives of the research: Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, to find out the essence and content of the basic concepts of the study “personal competitiveness,” creative potential”; to justify the pedagogical conditions for the development of the creative potential of future specialists in the sociocultural space of higher education.

Methodology. During the scientific search, the following research methods were used: systemic, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization, comparison.

Results. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, the concept of individual competitiveness is defined as a necessary set of professional and personal qualities that contribute to the possession of competitive advantages in current sociocultural conditions. The pedagogical conditions for the development of creative potential are determined as conditions for the formation of the competitiveness of a future specialist.

Conclusions. Preparation for identifying and developing creative potential is possible provided that a creative learning environment is created that stimulates students' creative activity and students' motivation for creative activity.

The article touches upon the problems of the professional formation of an architect, the development of his three-dimensional thinking in the process of studying the disciplines of the artistic cycle. The architect's vision must meet the strict requirements imposed by the specifics of visual activity, the laws of figurative literacy and the tasks of a particular stage of work, correlate with the ultimate ideals and purpose of creative activity. In the study of light as a means of artistic expression, an important role must be given to the psychology of the perception of light in nature and in the image. Only having a developed three-dimensional thinking a student can convincingly and accurately convey the character of a three-dimensional shape, its plasticity and movement.

The recognition of three-dimensional forms, including natural objects based on three-dimensional vision of images, through an accurate assessment of light and shadow gradations, adequate transfer of color phenomena of reality to the possibilities of the visual sphere and skillful modeling of forms depicted by light and shadow, becomes an emphasis in the training of an architect. The position of color in the image of shapes in space is no less significant.

Pedagogical techniques for the formation of three-dimensional thinking of students and the development of their graphic skills in drawing three-dimensional objects, including architectural ones, are based on scientific discoveries of scientists, scientists and artists since the Renaissance.

The integrity of perception, attention to detail, the study of space, understanding of form, possession of means of shaping and the image of a three-dimensional object in a two-dimensional format are becoming universal criteria that allow us to talk about the high-quality training of future architects.

The development of modern industry actualizes the issues of organizing interaction with educational organizations that conduct professional training of engineers, because the "personnel shortage" is obvious. On the other hand, educational organizations cannot carry out professional training without focusing on the requirements of industry, and without fulfilling the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard 3++ in terms of practical training. Thus, the organization of effective interaction between the employer and the educational organization is necessary for both sides of the process.

The authors of the article highlighted the conditions for the organization of interaction between an employer and an educational organization, compliance with which will help bring the professional training of engineering personnel to a qualitatively new level and make it the most effective. These authors include: taking into account and using the historically established experience of Russian and Soviet vocational education; application of the practice of interaction of foreign educational organizations; application of the principles of continuity, continuity; the intersection of the educational space of the educational organization and the internal environment of the enterprise; creation of a regional sectoral integration educational space.

The purpose of the article is to describe the conditions for effective interaction between an employer and an educational organization. The authors give examples of foreign and domestic pedagogical experience that can be used in the practice of vocational training.

Within the framework of this study, the following methods were used: the method of historical and pedagogical research was used to study foreign and domestic pedagogical experience. The conclusions were formulated through the use of the method of observation of the educational process and the analysis of pedagogical experience.

The authors come to the conclusion that compliance with the conditions described in the publication is important and can be used to create a pedagogical system of professional training of engineers.

Purpose of research. The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of the publication activity of scientific research in the field of studying communicative behavior. Communicative behavior is an object with an interdisciplinary research status. It falls into the area of research interest of various scientific fields. A bibliometric analysis of publication activity was carried out in connection with solving several tasks: to find out areas of knowledge in which the greatest publication activity is concentrated, to study the methods that are used in various fields of communicative behavior analysis, to identify organizations that are included in this research search.

Methods. The study was conducted in two scientific electronic databases: the Russian Scientific Electronic Library Elibrary.ru and the international open platform for researchers and scientific organizations Lens. The bibliometric analysis was used as the research method. It involves the quantification of documentary information flows and it is based on quantitative research indicators reflecting the state of science as a whole or its individual branches.

Results. As a result of the bibliometric analysis of publication activity on the problems of scientific research in the field of communicative behavior, communicative behavior in the digital environment and communicative behavior in social networks, a significant increase in publication activity was revealed in both international and Russian information databases over the past 10 years (2013 - 2023). It is also noted that the predominant number of publications on the issues studied is concentrated in the field of psychology. However, we can trace a shift in the focus of foreign research on communicative behavior towards digitalization in information technology, and Russian research towards the field of digital technologies in the educational environment.

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the high relevance, as well as the scientific and practical significance of the research topic on the problems of communicative behavior in general, as well as communicative behavior in the digital environment and social networks, in particular.

This article delves into the intricate details of research that focuses on analyzing specific aspects of value orientation in the process of high school students determining their future professional paths. The study delves into the essence of self-determination in the professional realm, identifies the problem, offers solutions, and pinpoints factors for successful implementation. It underscores the crucial role of a complex value orientation in personality development and individuality formation. An individual's attitude towards themselves, the world, and the future, including their career, is reflected through priorities and values. These value orientations can serve as a dependable guide for high school students when making successful professional choices. The conducted research supports the hypothesis that value orientation is an essential factor in shaping a mature personality. Value orientation plays a pivotal role in making informed decisions about future careers. Labor value orientations are particularly important and can serve as a solid foundation for high school students as they navigate their professional paths.

The purpose of this study is to study the influence of Labor value orientation on the process of professional self-determination of modern high school students.

To achieve the purpose of the research, various methodological approaches are used, including systemic, socio-psychological and axiological approaches oriented on the humanist principle. Various methods have been used to conduct research, including theoretical analysis of scientific research, organizational approaches, and empirical methods such as observation, questionnaires, and psychodiagnostic methods.

This article conducted a bibliometric analysis of the problem, as well as empirical research. Thanks to the experiment carried out, it turned out that most of the high school students surveyed suffer from a certain anxiety that prevents them from choosing professional preferences that correspond to their abilities, desires and needs.