The Ways of the oral and Written Speech Contamination in the Russian- and Chinese-Language Messengers

   In the article, authors basing on the popular Russian and Chinese material of instant messaging client programs, conduct a comparative analysis of an adaptation of the written communication against the one mediated by messengers’ techniques.

   The authors also identify the characteristics of the oral and written speech contamination based on the material of the two typologically different languages: Russian and Chinese. The main feature of communication in the messengers is to make the text messages closer to the oral communication format. To achieve this goal, a variety of means are used, which should be advisably divided into technical, linguistic and paralinguistic ones. The comparison of the Russian- and Chinese-language messengers showed that the technical characteristics of the messengers have both common and distinctive features. Thus, the Russian-language messengers contain more “synchronicity markers” and a greater variety of smileys than the Chinese-language ones. At the same time, the Chinese-language messenger is not only a communicator, but it also contains other functions (e-wallet, online shops, news feeds, subscription, etc.). Typological differences between the Russian and Chinese languages influence the specificity of linguistic and paralinguistic contamination means. Both Russian and Chinese languages actively use acronyms and abbreviations to reduce the time of typing a message, and employ repetitions of words to show the expression. However, the nature of these means is not the same and is conditional upon typological differences. In the Russian-language messengers, the transition to a raised voice is transmitted by means of capital letters, and the expression and the length of pronunciation are conveyed through the vowel doubling. Such means are not available in the Chinese language due to the hieroglyphic nature of writing.

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