Relationships Between Personal Features and the Risk of Bulling in Adolescents with a mild Mental Retardation

   An increase in the number of victims of school bullying in many European countries has led to a change in legislation: the appointment of responsibility for bullying (bullying) of a participant in the educational process.

   There is an active discussion in the pedagogical community in Russia about the problem of bullying in schools. Students with disabilities are at high risk of being bullied. In this regard, the aim of the study was to study the relationship between personality traits and the risk of bullying among adolescents with mild mental retardation.

   In this regard, the study of the relationship between personality traits and the risk of bullying among adolescents with mild mental retardation was the goal of the study. 43 students with a mild degree of mental retardation at the age of 15-16 years of the regional state general educational institution "Boarding school for children with disabilities No. 3" of the city of Kursk took part in it. Observation and conversation were used to collect data, as well as standardized methods for diagnosing the risk of bullying and personality traits, and for processing the results, computer methods of mathematical and statistical analysis were used. The results obtained are of practical importance and serve as the basis for organizing preventive and corrective work with predictable bullying. Autism of students with a mild degree of mental retardation, indecision and inability to make responsible decisions, shyness and stiffness in interpersonal relationships contribute to an increase in the risk of developing school bullying. An increase in the level of interpersonal anxiety increases interpersonal distance, ensures the uncontrollability of the group, which reduces the likelihood of stopping bullying in a situation of its development and determines the emergence of systematic outsiders and hierarchical and power relations.

1. Kazhdyj tretij rebenok stalkivaetsya so shkol'noj travlej [Every third child faces school bullying]. Avialable at: https://rg.ru/2020/12/16/kazhdyj-tretij-rebenok-stalkivaetsia-so-shkolnoj-travlej.html (accessed 15. 03. 2021).

2. Luzhbina N. A., Gurova O. S., Podruchnaya D. A., Darenskih S. S. Lichnostnye osobennosti podrostkov, uchastvuyushchih v bullinge [Personal characteristics of adolescents participating in bullying]. Chelovecheskij capital = Human Capital, 2019, no. 7 (127), pp. 178-184.

3. Obuhova Yu. V., Gur'eva V. O. Obraz sverstnika – zhertvy bullinga u shkol'nikov s raznoj vyrazhennost'yu viktimnogo povedeniya [The image of a peer victim of bullying in schoolchildren with different severity of victim behavior]. Rossijskij psihologicheskij zhurnal = Russian Psychological Journal, 2017, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 118-134. doi: 10.21702/rpj.2017.2.7.

4. Yanova N. G. Psihologo-pedagogicheskie riski bullinga v obrazovatel'noj srede [Psychological and pedagogical risks of bullying in the educational environment]. Zdorov'e cheloveka, teoriya i metodika fizicheskoj kul'tury i sporta = Human Health, Theory and Methodology of Physical Culture and Sports, 2019, no. 4 (15), pp. 189-197.

5. Cherkasova S. A. [Gender features of bullying in adolescence]. Issledovatel'skij potencial molodyh uchenyh: vzglyad v budushchee. Sbornik materialov X Regional'noj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii aspirantov, soiskatelej, molodyh uchenyh i magistrantov [Research potential of young scientists: a look into the future. Collection of materials of the X Regional scientific and practical conference of graduate students, applicants, young scientists and undergraduates]. Tula, 2014, pp. 189-193 (In Russ.).

6. Shalaginova K. S., Kulikova T. I., Zalygaeva S. A. Gendernye osobennosti bullinga v podrostkovom vozraste [Gender features of bullying in adolescence]. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological Science and Education, 2019, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 62-71. doi: 10.17759/pse.2019240405.

7. Greben' N. F. [Personal characteristics of adolescents with mild mental retardation]. Aktual'nye problemy obucheniya i vospitaniya lic s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov'ya. Materialy vserossijskoj zaochnoj konferencii uchenyh i prakticheskih rabotnikov [Actual problems of education and upbringing of persons with disabilities. Materials of the All-Russian correspondence conference of scientists and practitioners]. Ekaterinburg, 2019, pp. 25-29 (In Russ.).

8. Nikolaenko Ya. N. Otklonyayushcheesya povedenie podrostkov s legkoj stepen'yu umstvennoj otstalosti [Deviant behavior of adolescents with a mild degree of mental retardation]. Izvestiya Rossijskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A. I. Gercena = Proceedings of the A. I. Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University, 2009, no. 98, pp. 286-290.

9. Skavycheva E. N. Bulling v shkol'nom kollektive umstvenno otstalyh uchashchihsya [Bullying in the school team of mentally retarded students]. Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniya = Problems of Modern Pedagogical Education, 2019, is. 64 (4), pp. 202-204.

10. Kosir K., Klasinc L., Spes T. Predictors of self-reported and peer-reported victimization and bullying behavior in early adolescents: the role of school, classroom, and individual factors. European journal of psychology of education, 2020, 35, 2, pp. 381-402.

11. Pengpid S., Peltzer K. Bullying victimization and externalizing and internalizing symptoms among in-school adolescents from five ASEAN countries Children and Youth Services Review, 2019, 106. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104473.

12. Bochaver A. A., Kuznecova V. B., Bianki E. M., Dmitrievskij P. V., Zavalishina M. A., Kaporskaya N. A., Hlomova K. D. Oprosnik riska bullinga (ORB) [Bullying Risk Questionnaire (ORB)]. Voprosy psihologii = Questions of Psychology, 2015, no. 5, pp. 146-157.

13. Metodika "Shkala trevozhnosti" (R. Kondash, 1973) [The method "Anxiety scale" (R. Kondash, 1973)]. Avialable at: https://www.psmetodiki.ru/index.php/podrostki/29-lichnost/26-kondash (accessed 01. 11. 2019).

14. Psihodiagnosticheskij test (PDT) V. Mel'nikova, L. Yampol'skogo [Psychodiagnostic test (PDT) V. Melnikov, L. Yampolsky]. Avialable at: http:// www.miu.by/kaf_new/mpp/132.pdf (accessed 01. 11. 2019).