Methods of Transferring Lexical and Phonetic Puns from Persian to Russian (Based on the Material of "Gulistan" by Saadi Shirazi)

   The article deals with the translation of phonetic and lexical puns in the literary work "Gulistan" by Saadi from Persian into Russian in the poetic translation of R. Aliyev A. Starostin and the prose translation of R. Aliyev. This work, due to the repeated use of figures of speech and word plays, is considered one of the important literary texts in Persian, therefore, the correct translation of these figures of speech and word plays and the use of the correct method of their transmission is important in presenting this literary work to speakers of other languages of the world, including number and Russian-speaking.

   The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that for the first time the methods of transferring puns of this work from Persian to Russian are being considered.
   The purpose of this study is considered to be the identification of translation transformations used by translators in poetic and prosaic translations when translating lexical and phonetic puns.
   To achieve the goal in the course of the study, methods such as analysis of literature on the topic, comparison and systematization of theoretical data were used. In the prose translation of R. Aliyev, puns are sometimes omitted and the reader cannot understand that a play on words is used in the original text. In view of the fact that the text of "Gulistan" by Saadi is considered a rhythmic-melodic, poetic translation, in which various translation transformations will try to preserve the effect of the original puns, is considered more successful and acceptable. Although in poetic translation translators, when translating phonetic puns, tried to compensate for the absence of the word homophones in Russian by using rhyming words and achieved a good result, when translating lexical puns, that is, when translating polysemantic words, they fundamentally used the omission of the pun. It turns out that the translators in the poetic translation "Gulistan" act successfully, because sometimes rhyming words are used when translating puns, which retain their effect and musicality in the translation text.

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