Current trends in changing the level and nature of professional motivation among university teachers

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the level and nature of professional motivation among university teachers.
The article analyzes the phenomenon of internal motivation in the structure of professional activity among university teachers and identifies key aspects of work that determine the level of professional activity and job satisfaction among teachers. The article presents the factors that have the most significant impact on the formation of internal and external professional motivation among teachers, and identifies ways to optimize working conditions and stimulate productive activity.
Methods. We used the following diagnostic methods: "Multifactor Inventory of Labor Activity Motivation (MILAM)" by M. V. Prokhorova and O. M. Ovsyannikova and the questionnaire "Diagnosis of Work Motivation" (JDS) by G. R. Oldham and J. Huckman.
Results. The study revealed a strong internal motivation of university teachers aimed at professional development, interesting work and support from colleagues. At the same time, teachers have a high level of motivation to avoid failure, based on the fear of negative consequences and unfavorable situations in the workplace. The majority of teachers assessed the motivational potential of their work as average. Correlation analysis showed the closest relationship between this phenomenon and such labor characteristics as autonomy, feedback from work, completeness and significance of professional tasks, and diversity of professional skills. The study of cognitive assessment of the quality of labor results showed that employees do not sufficiently perceive their work as significant, valuable, and worthwhile, and do not see their personal responsibility for the results.
Conclusion. Constructive internal motivation is the foundation of sustainable and effective professional activity of a higher education teacher. Its maintenance requires attention from university administration, including the creation of conditions for creativity and personal growth. In an era of rapid changes in education, it is this motivation that ensures adaptation and progress, making the work of a teacher not only a duty, but also a source of deep satisfaction.

1. Rubinshtein S.L. Fundamentals of General Psychology. Moscow: Piter; 2009. 705 p. (In Russ.)

2. Leont'ev A.N. Activity. Conscience. Personality. Moscow: Smysl: Academia; 2004. 345 p. (In Russ.)

3. Bodrov V.A. Psychology of professional activity: theoretical and applied problems. Moscow: In-t psikhologii RAN; 2006. 622 p. (In Russ.)

4. Aseev V.G. Essays on labor psychology. Irkutsk: Irkut. gos. un-t; 2005. 341 p. (In Russ.)

5. Khekkhauzen Kh. Motivation and activity. St. Petersburg: Piter; 2003. 860 p. (In Russ.)

6. Chiksentmikhaii M. Flow. The Psychology of Optimal experience: translated from English. Moscow: Sberbank; 2013. 422 p. (In Russ.)

7. Kaitov A.P. Motivation of professional pedagogical activity. Moscow: Pero; 2022. 129 p. (In Russ.)

8. Kaitov A.P. The problem of motivation of professional pedagogical activity (MPPD) from the perspective of a metasystem approach. Izvestiya IPPO = IPPO News. 2022;(2):10-21. (In Russ.)

9. Kaitov A.P. Comparative analysis of research experience on the problem of motivation of professional pedagogical activity in Russia and abroad. Sovremennaya nauka: problemy teorii i praktiki. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki = Modern science: problems of theory and practice. Series: Humanities. 2022;(3-3):56-65. (In Russ.)

10. Klein K.G. Types of motivational regulation: the theoretical significance of the construct and the problem of its measurement. Sovremennaya zarubezhnaya psikhologiya = Modern foreign psychology. 2021;10(1):125-131. (In Russ.)

11. Leont'ev D.A., Klein K.G. The quality of motivation and the quality of experiences as characteristics of learning activities. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14: psikhologiya = Bulletin of the Moscow University. Episode 14: Psychology. 2018;(4):106-119. (In Russ.)

12. Egorova I.A., Yakovenko A.V. Analysis of external and internal motivation of work activity. Elektronnyi zhurnal «Vek kachestva» = Electronic magazine "Century of quality". 2021;(4):178-196. (In Russ.). Available at: http://www.agequal.ru/pdf/2023/423012.pdf

13. Fedotov V.V. The spiritual and moral significance of motivation for stimulating an employee's work in modern society. Kontekst i refleksiya: filosofiya o mire i cheloveke = Context and reflection: philosophy of the world and man. 2022;11(1A):222-228. (In Russ.)

14. Artamonova V.V., Karpikova I.S. Gamification opportunities in the field of employee labor motivation. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N.I. Lobachevskogo. Seriya: Sotsial'nye nauki = Bulletin of the N.I. Lobachevsky Moscow City University. Series: Social Sciences. 2021;(4):79–87. (In Russ.)

15. Howard J.L., Bureau J., Guay F., Chong J.X.Y., Ryan R.M. Student Motivation and Associated Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis From Self-Determination Theory. Perspectives on psychological science: a journal of the Association for Psychological Scienceyu. 2021;16(6):1300- 1323. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620966789.

16. Deci E.L., Ryan R.M. Self-determination research: Reflections and future directions. Deci E.L., Ryan R.M. (eds.). Handbook of self-determination research. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press; 2002. P. 431–441.

17. Bondarenko I.N. The relationship of personal characteristics with professional motivation. In: Zhuravleva A.L., Sergienko E.A. (eds.). Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya = Psychological research. Moscow: Institut psikhologii RAN; 2008. Vol. 3. P. 45-59. (In Russ.)

18. Lomov B.F. Mental regulation of activity: selected works. Moscow: In-t psikhologii RAN; 2006. 622 p. (In Russ.)

19. Abul'khanova-Slavskaya K.A. Activity and personality psychology. Moscow: Nauka; 1980. 333 p. (In Russ.)

20. Antsyferova L.I. Personality development and problems of gerontopsychology. Moscow: In-t psikhologii RAN; 2006. 510 p. (In Russ.)

21. Povarenkov Yu.P., Slepko Yu.N., Tsymbalyuk A.E. The systemogenesis of professional activity. Yaroslavl': Yaroslavskii gosudarstvennyi pedagogicheskii universitet im. K.D. Ushinskogo; 2019. 162 p. (In Russ.)